{"id":"W1979495537","doi":"10.1080/00036846.2012.703311","title":"A note on Canadian migration to the United States during the 1980s and 1990s","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Economics","topic":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Census; Distribution (mathematics); Earnings; Economics; Demographic economics; Successor cardinal; Quality (philosophy); Quantile; Labour economics; Political science; Econometrics; Population; Demography; Accounting; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003386877,0.000056339,0.00004588494,0.00005178085,0.000647002,0.0001018959,0.000111271,0.00003878427,0.00003944919],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001595253,0.00003904506,0.00001092412,0.0001174533,0.00005253273,0.00005254606,0.0000123685,0.0000681954,0.0000829647],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001541597,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005716307,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1402076,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9575597,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995543,0.00002554633,0.00008363177,0.00008006146,0.00003448489,0.0002219981],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996081,0.00007307908,0.00003217767,0.0001168006,0.0000104356,0.0001594002],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002286511,0.00001545754,0.006192693,0.000003227214,0.00001801271,8.763053e-8,0.201342,0.01420811,0.00002994855,0.7713457,0.003435528,0.003386324],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008203551,0.000005033968,0.0190259,0.000001331326,0.000005374962,2.151149e-7,0.01048427,0.00242485,0.00003737122,0.0004873333,0.9673458,0.0001005025],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9786474,0.000007865519,0.00002379178,0.01412699,0.0001074905,0.0002402785,0.00002220051,0.00001424521,0.006809714],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9943029,0.0001908902,0.00004008176,0.004715291,0.0001861262,0.0000233219,0.00002365526,0.000006356981,0.0005113346],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9639103,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8655179,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009518440341556706,"score_gpt":0.2298262146450659,"score_spread":0.2203077743035092,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}