{"id":"W1979495537","doi":"10.1080/00036846.2012.703311","title":"A note on Canadian migration to the United States during the 1980s and 1990s","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Economics","topic":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Lethbridge","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Census; Distribution (mathematics); Earnings; Economics; Demographic economics; Successor cardinal; Quality (philosophy); Quantile; Labour economics; Political science; Econometrics; Population; Demography; Accounting; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001237752,0.0003391102,0.0003265086,0.005541426,0.006467089,0.00226198,0.0007401473,0.0006978881,0.003064008],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00373577,0.0001403695,0.0004741702,0.01256493,0.0008376114,0.0006700027,0.001007706,0.001134843,0.0002472958],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.04315725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.05125917,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9968269,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9986984,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986398,0.00006660131,0.00006119553,0.0001042687,0.0004800236,0.0006481264],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964143,0.0002042096,0.0003515572,0.00007678558,0.002451584,0.0005014948],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004996204,0.00008530192,0.5970002,0.001039443,0.0001362532,0.001304243,0.02549808,0.001282306,0.0008129408,0.02670048,0.168015,0.1776261],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007904712,0.00002157526,0.865802,0.000429034,0.00004181693,0.0001594812,0.0171545,0.0002097109,0.0002945744,0.0002572526,0.115577,0.00004516308],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.754378,0.04557522,0.0004758089,0.04299587,0.001263598,0.00009168716,0.02902507,0.00009920158,0.1260956],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9424531,0.02604342,0.0008032844,0.0034742,0.0002501818,0.00003029754,0.008193157,0.00003242665,0.01871998],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04315725,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3131292,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009518440341556706,"score_gpt":0.2298262146450659,"score_spread":0.2203077743035092,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}