{"id":"W1979865042","doi":"10.1017/s0954394507000142","title":"The variable development of English word-final stops by Brazilian Portuguese speakers: A stochastic optimality theoretic account","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Language Variation and Change","topic":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","field":"Psychology","cited_by":39,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Linguistics; Optimality theory; Problem of universals; Context (archaeology); Second-language acquisition; Linguistic universal; Variation (astronomy); Computer science; Portuguese; Variable (mathematics); Language transfer; Language acquisition; Comprehension approach; Theoretical linguistics; Psychology; Natural language; Mathematics; Phonology; History; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001487038,0.0001507424,0.0002439798,0.0007230774,0.0003698316,0.0009985955,0.0003979505,0.0003774869,0.001368838],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008191942,0.0002712893,0.0002001466,0.0004795591,0.001281874,0.0005180185,0.0008617489,0.0003761734,0.0001159093],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004137346,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003843313,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0044062,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00661122,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992828,0.0002413112,0.00005366842,0.0001614876,0.0001844489,0.00007626235],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9944383,0.00356984,0.001055862,0.0003567034,0.000435447,0.0001438679],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002569632,0.0001546015,0.820396,0.0001939627,0.0001134694,0.001952215,0.04826282,0.005907321,0.03684895,0.04964489,0.0002644843,0.03600438],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001173026,0.0001353429,0.9603702,0.00003906534,0.00004157861,0.001268592,0.009594619,0.009935902,0.002071302,0.01512745,0.001364995,0.00003920653],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947577,0.00007286578,0.002820606,0.00008962792,0.000001428223,0.000007288842,0.00006040095,0.00000710262,0.002182979],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995745,0.00001958519,0.0002902018,0.000003535855,6.240667e-7,0.000003180912,0.00001663955,0.000002179449,0.00008966529],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0044062,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008761108,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03094687149325641,"score_gpt":0.3221818302841607,"score_spread":0.2912349587909043,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}