{"id":"W1980920376","doi":"10.1080/1360080x.2013.825414","title":"Japan’s higher education incorporation policy: a comparative analysis of three stages of national university governance","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management","topic":"Higher Education Governance and Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Institute for Christian Studies","funders":"","keywords":"Independence (probability theory); Corporate governance; Accountability; Public administration; Transparency (behavior); Higher education; Corporation; Government (linguistics); Administration (probate law); Political science; Accounting; Economics; Economic growth; Management; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002156735,0.00008873366,0.0002563156,0.001700413,0.001640527,0.002655093,0.0003390943,0.0005012679,0.001592942],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004139083,0.000185042,0.0002269888,0.003497321,0.001368672,0.001885324,0.001846605,0.0004128623,0.00009447063],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.008810485,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00581526,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0720448,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1526276,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988449,0.0002619346,0.000085559,0.0001044748,0.0002014816,0.0005015685],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9971821,0.0004267449,0.0009447713,0.0001636304,0.0007446539,0.0005380832],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005725276,0.000395058,0.8178241,0.0003370263,0.0001494177,0.00103722,0.06145387,0.001538305,0.002292374,0.05075726,0.002922471,0.06072046],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009682935,0.00006739378,0.9733884,0.00003634166,0.00003294951,0.00003214078,0.01888773,0.0003854389,0.0002115187,0.0004921773,0.006443418,0.00001280985],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9894632,0.000378948,0.00008089729,0.0002639454,0.000003949967,0.00001428223,0.00005565544,0.000002142973,0.009736891],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986048,0.0002977018,0.0000878845,0.00004085976,0.000003818162,0.00001079602,0.00008551902,0.000001549215,0.0008670085],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0720448,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1432509,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02922423199444932,"score_gpt":0.3467086633915821,"score_spread":0.3174844313971327,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}