{"id":"W1981432724","doi":"10.1038/nm.3787","title":"Metformin activates a duodenal Ampk–dependent pathway to lower hepatic glucose production in rats","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Medicine","topic":"Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":391,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute; University Health Network","funders":"Medical Research Council; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Wellcome Trust","keywords":"Metformin; AMPK; Internal medicine; Endocrinology; Production (economics); Medicine; Chemistry; Diabetes mellitus; Biochemistry; Protein kinase A; Phosphorylation; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000632401,0.0001869857,0.000269978,0.0001143451,0.00002456477,0.000007842529,0.0001669414,0.0002725605,0.00004239005],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009374844,0.0001362774,0.00003781095,0.0002471579,0.00004907529,0.000008194985,0.00006067423,0.0003216784,0.0000140838],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005320735,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001300159,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004856311,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002937999,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986379,0.00006967149,0.0002313128,0.0004157703,0.0003674537,0.0002778939],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991904,0.000009824312,0.0000698775,0.0003501163,0.00017904,0.0002007636],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005267201,0.0001488891,0.0006896803,0.0000396766,0.00004639953,0.00002251437,0.0004848235,0.00004850158,0.8644453,0.00004429104,0.01599622,0.117507],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008009473,0.0003418222,0.0003552978,0.00005902776,0.00001691228,0.00001021375,0.0001407671,0.000006201528,0.7195422,0.0001405149,0.2784468,0.0001392826],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8605403,0.1363263,0.00004797365,0.0005203279,0.001711795,0.0003025843,0.000005247852,0.00001194652,0.0005335173],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9918667,0.003121566,0.0002072301,0.001487848,0.00199926,0.00006569509,0.00007354534,0.0000232031,0.001154926],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2624506,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5557231,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01115403318058588,"score_gpt":0.2743138386071001,"score_spread":0.2631598054265142,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}