{"id":"W1981543796","doi":"10.1044/2014_aja-14-0003","title":"Effects of Low-Pass Filtering on the Perception of Word-Final Plurality Markers in Children and Adults With Normal Hearing","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Journal of Audiology","topic":"Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","keywords":"Audiology; Cutoff; Context (archaeology); Plural; Filter (signal processing); Cutoff frequency; High-pass filter; Psychology; Perception; Noise (video); Speech perception; Low-pass filter; Mathematics; Acoustics; Medicine; Computer science; Linguistics; Physics; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004865631,0.00006775478,0.0002472775,0.00009172893,0.00003055799,0.000003944418,0.00009537382,0.00002090871,0.000003588408],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005161399,0.00004019214,0.00003620874,0.0001319198,0.0005114269,0.00005651832,0.00002360569,0.0001854403,3.335373e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001975926,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001871,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001378206,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003028933,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989334,0.0004583256,0.0002564605,0.0001131004,0.0001126768,0.000126086],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986814,0.0008302561,0.0003428081,0.0000791903,0.00003242937,0.00003389939],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001594711,0.00008344661,0.4083422,0.00007874021,0.00001486436,0.000003558442,0.001674076,0.001039131,0.5269145,0.00008752989,0.000004191544,0.06016293],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000524578,0.00273072,0.9895645,0.0002306989,0.000005498039,0.0000828827,0.0001814656,0.0001510632,0.006460463,0.00002550832,6.139668e-7,0.00004203889],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992961,0.000003653709,0.0002234119,0.0003229751,0.00003470447,0.00009371949,6.131186e-7,0.000002037245,0.00002277495],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994695,0.00002239777,0.0003678899,0.0001024309,0.0000301141,0.000001496222,9.738102e-8,0.000004744413,0.000001389767],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5812222,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1884374,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007129533861079362,"score_gpt":0.2315095089251582,"score_spread":0.2243799750640789,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}