{"id":"W1981676244","doi":"10.1021/es063040x","title":"1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane Reactions with OH<sup>-</sup>, Cr(II), Granular Iron, and a Copper−Iron Bimetal:  Insights from Product Formation and Associated Carbon Isotope Fractionation","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Environmental remediation with nanomaterials","field":"Engineering","cited_by":75,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Johns Hopkins University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Bimetal; Copper; Fractionation; Chemistry; Isotope; Isotopes of carbon; Carbon fibers; Isotope fractionation; Inorganic chemistry; Radiochemistry; Environmental chemistry; Materials science; Physical chemistry; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Total organic carbon","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001745309,0.0002524027,0.0001262588,0.0001740287,0.0001291208,0.0002519824,0.0003046252,0.0004195447,0.000414423],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001873083,0.000144376,0.0001234021,0.0001366234,0.0002656907,0.0002703322,0.0001893166,0.0004484986,0.0002272721],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004823375,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001594203,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008235266,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002164147,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998873,0.00001304097,0.000004720082,0.00002813842,0.00003700461,0.00002969981],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999101,0.00002620664,0.00002272967,0.00001226691,0.00001738413,0.0000112707],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000767053,0.00001763927,0.0007830617,0.00003630821,0.000005820922,0.00005220491,0.00003366949,0.000388715,0.9958245,0.0002450771,0.00003497906,0.002501409],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002306073,0.00006425842,0.001092091,0.000001356079,0.000002992299,0.00006148915,0.00001840933,0.0007662625,0.997452,0.00007862243,0.0004569584,0.000003347364],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9952389,0.0008753325,0.002613414,0.00005598629,0.000008597295,0.000007978103,0.00008926947,0.00003560864,0.001075003],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969354,0.0005530061,0.001654175,0.00002501537,0.000004005739,0.000006015035,0.0001324337,0.00001035689,0.0006796896],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0008235266,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003499627,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004071118271320015,"score_gpt":0.183903818827773,"score_spread":0.179832700556453,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}