{"id":"W1982074018","doi":"10.1175/jcli-d-13-00520.1","title":"Twenty-First-Century Projections of Snowfall and Winter Severity across Central-Eastern North America*,+","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Climate","topic":"Cryospheric studies and observations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":141,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Birds Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Snowpack; Snow; Climatology; Environmental science; Waterfowl; Snowmelt; Climate model; Physical geography; Climate change; Geography; Meteorology; Geology; Habitat; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002922709,0.0003091352,0.0001279324,0.0003272665,0.0002510513,0.0004004486,0.0002493024,0.0002601601,0.000874937],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003054054,0.0001595034,0.0003585626,0.0004309133,0.0001542105,0.0002406495,0.0002401732,0.0002377951,0.0001235375],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001058447,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001032073,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1388919,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1806261,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999495,0.00001059518,0.000003463087,0.00001453103,0.00001238123,0.000009532082],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998264,0.00001904456,0.00003195636,0.0000114314,0.00007784968,0.00003340825],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002003004,0.0001257682,0.3832479,0.00009110107,0.0002901331,0.0003173357,0.0002146908,0.5882013,0.003905249,0.001520151,0.004953916,0.01693219],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009791448,0.00009875577,0.5091833,0.00003970689,0.0001071224,0.00006012658,0.0003668115,0.4785573,0.001608137,0.001215606,0.00861935,0.00004594322],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9944201,0.0001143671,0.001050422,0.0001690346,0.00002078823,0.00000984089,0.002920645,0.00007186362,0.00122292],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954473,0.0001328404,0.00112568,0.00002542956,0.000008338234,0.00002557134,0.002652866,0.000008540253,0.0005733425],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1388919,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2761669,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0138681364761959,"score_gpt":0.2373036320945149,"score_spread":0.223435495618319,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}