{"id":"W1982158087","doi":"10.4141/p04-101","title":"The Biology of Invasive Alien Plants in Canada. 3. <i>Amaranthus tuberculatus</i> (Moq.) Sauer var. <i>rudis</i> (Sauer) Costea &amp; Tardif","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Plant Science","topic":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":120,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Biology; Weed; Noxious weed; Botany; Herbicide resistance; Agronomy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007922942,0.0001294531,0.000260597,0.00006694322,0.0004537078,0.00005784718,0.001021822,0.00005611474,0.00007431108],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001868832,0.00005100508,0.00006149808,0.0005900241,0.0004296918,0.000177718,0.00003033099,0.0002364335,0.000008953754],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000362818,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003105526,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9103798,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9992354,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983193,0.00006812986,0.0005089873,0.0002055885,0.0003003587,0.0005975798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984,0.000491415,0.0002883158,0.0001044208,0.0001830806,0.0005327371],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008320733,0.00004122418,0.08966608,0.000006450283,0.00004398958,0.00008764543,0.0005625819,0.000762562,0.8269995,0.003867221,0.02222912,0.05565034],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003892153,0.0001028876,0.425142,0.00008057099,0.00002002245,0.0003716304,0.0007183272,0.00008812265,0.004554553,0.0006869186,0.5675653,0.0002803825],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9889445,0.001480328,0.000002615161,0.007584091,0.0002320908,0.0001577959,0.0006832447,0.000002423434,0.000912879],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987293,0.0001190556,0.00004389048,0.0008839631,0.0001556739,0.000004400385,0.00001737784,9.23409e-7,0.00004545432],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.822445,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.550907,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01145445960503276,"score_gpt":0.1965724828606387,"score_spread":0.185118023255606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}