{"id":"W1982182748","doi":"10.1029/2011sw000716","title":"A tribute to Robert Helliwell (1920–2011)","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Space Weather","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Ionosphere; Whistler; Earth–ionosphere waveguide; Transmitter; Schumann resonances; Radio wave; High frequency; Telecommunications; Physics; Engineering; Plasma; Geophysics; Ionospheric heater","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007153459,0.0001840687,0.0001720829,0.00001844851,0.00006154349,0.00002363768,0.0001913614,0.00004681219,0.02063457],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001335917,0.0001649696,0.0001107554,0.00009963268,0.00002155324,0.00008549909,0.00006753747,0.0001086505,0.005337415],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001597647,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003245068,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001881301,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001573994,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999135,0.00001999074,0.0001316418,0.0002596536,0.00009790802,0.0003557702],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993975,0.00001131752,0.00004643536,0.0003504792,0.00004467531,0.0001496238],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003215768,0.001365051,0.1174406,0.00002979865,0.0004809395,0.00002789038,0.009001702,0.0001384392,0.005444821,0.2933068,0.4518991,0.1205432],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007420159,0.0002714198,0.004999317,0.00001929009,0.00005540421,0.000001400119,0.0008371255,0.0002553449,0.005281768,0.01594713,0.9709687,0.00062115],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1802216,0.000122599,0.06620367,0.001835843,0.0006930691,0.0006096163,0.00005046756,0.0001520347,0.7501111],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6666079,0.000002699132,0.007510338,0.0002841283,0.0003614439,0.00004469828,0.00001615743,0.00005677935,0.3251158],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5190695,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.995437,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008702115522257947,"score_gpt":0.206349885976392,"score_spread":0.197647770454134,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}