{"id":"W1984130506","doi":"10.7202/051134ar","title":"Unionization and Profitability in the Canadian Manufacturing Sector","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Relations industrielles","topic":"Labor Movements and Unions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Profitability index; Profit (economics); Bargaining power; Manufacturing sector; Labour economics; Business; Capital (architecture); Manufacturing; Market power; Economics; Industrial organization; Market economy; Microeconomics; Monopoly; Finance; Marketing","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004321509,0.00003604059,0.00003089302,0.00007242339,0.0008777205,0.00007372882,0.00007466077,0.0000988363,0.0002074999],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001144628,0.00002795883,0.000007176724,0.0002453567,0.00008067833,0.0001634464,0.000007194217,0.0001559529,0.000003593643],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001837671,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002986655,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2286904,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9012733,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994724,0.0001166996,0.00008799243,0.00007854515,0.0001114175,0.0001329675],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997438,0.00008104915,0.00002022114,0.0000795282,0.00002309923,0.00005234324],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[9.582078e-7,0.00004374637,0.2297265,2.958119e-7,0.000006696494,9.770632e-7,0.02910506,0.0006177928,0.000002651204,0.6733632,0.002118413,0.06501364],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007463621,0.000002874597,0.4461278,0.000004044352,0.000003167362,1.667463e-7,0.004275429,0.00005019599,0.00003230859,0.000812072,0.5485731,0.00004417139],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9267098,0.00005694302,0.00002280468,0.03395211,0.000041717,0.0002523678,0.000007281858,0.00001367121,0.0389433],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984434,0.00002126055,0.00007307758,0.000255721,0.0001069778,0.000008560769,0.000007639487,0.000002383512,0.001081028],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.672583,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7764459,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02545164910377404,"score_gpt":0.2649769416629714,"score_spread":0.2395252925591974,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}