{"id":"W1984227901","doi":"10.1007/s10936-011-9180-4","title":"Does the Modality Effect Exist? and if So, Which Modality Effect?","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Psycholinguistic Research","topic":"Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes","field":"Psychology","cited_by":63,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Modality (human–computer interaction); Moderation; Cognitive psychology; Meta-analysis; Psychology; Psycholinguistics; Modality effect; Modalities; Cognition; Working memory; Computer science; Short-term memory; Social psychology; Artificial intelligence; Medicine; Neuroscience","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002406286,0.0006573334,0.002762718,0.001246472,0.0004843916,0.002008453,0.001911196,0.002138121,0.006534626],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004836951,0.0003704161,0.0009583534,0.001786197,0.002769901,0.003444948,0.001029138,0.002087003,0.001621214],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006830576,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002291112,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002265074,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003289778,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995297,0.00009922913,0.00005592156,0.0001628277,0.0001126341,0.00003978744],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9960325,0.003103,0.0002887138,0.00009829272,0.0003993072,0.00007814518],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002988408,0.0001161755,0.001041112,0.02332275,0.0003681823,0.0002361434,0.0002158774,0.0001027065,0.00247801,0.01463663,0.01075741,0.9464262],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002694528,0.0006241653,0.03959233,0.03266881,0.00334632,0.009285515,0.001712984,0.0003481678,0.008174948,0.1027815,0.8009633,0.000232539],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006968924,0.9936199,0.000680282,0.001806316,0.0002863387,0.00001062909,0.00003772506,0.00001151443,0.002850384],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.007796265,0.9888524,0.0008034835,0.001306015,0.0005159157,0.00002358939,0.00003484697,0.00001084865,0.0006566143],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006534626,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02186054,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2049169324090858,"score_gpt":0.5572683892316344,"score_spread":0.3523514568225485,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}