{"id":"W1984821187","doi":"10.1007/s00603-009-0035-3","title":"Numerical Analysis of Block Caving-Induced Instability in Large Open Pit Slopes: A Finite Element/Discrete Element Approach","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering","topic":"Rock Mechanics and Modeling","field":"Engineering","cited_by":158,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; Golder Associates (Canada); Rio Tinto (Canada)","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Universidad de Concepción","keywords":"Rock mass classification; Finite element method; Discrete element method; Geotechnical engineering; Open-pit mining; Instability; Geology; Block (permutation group theory); Mining engineering; Underground mining (soft rock); Excavation; Fracture (geology); Engineering; Structural engineering; Geometry; Mechanics; Coal mining; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005326363,0.0004103815,0.0008442414,0.0005486376,0.0001135444,0.00007408334,0.0004467403,0.0001801288,0.00001778854],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005045717,0.0004262023,0.0001730009,0.001203544,2.106129e-7,0.0002120792,0.0002812888,0.0003779701,0.000001181558],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001494072,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002878646,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005513161,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003729802,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976266,0.00002629851,0.0008277161,0.000529025,0.0003129793,0.0006773644],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991288,0.00004401316,0.00009676282,0.0004638039,0.00006606216,0.0002006055],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001296915,0.0001027078,0.00004585791,0.0001070868,0.0002780439,0.000003503025,0.0004802496,0.9873096,0.006601749,0.004699611,0.000005080649,0.0003535368],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007773736,0.0001252217,0.0001185909,0.0000741839,0.0002107281,0.000002133119,0.0001835373,0.9954179,0.00218834,0.0001900592,0.0002467341,0.0004651969],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.06499965,0.0003786715,0.9336279,0.00001872127,0.0001233118,0.0005115857,0.00003664812,0.0001248184,0.0001787234],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959431,0.0002064236,0.003617128,0.00003772092,0.00003466193,0.0000508984,0.00004944123,0.00005146123,0.000009216315],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9309434,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999819,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01400663721691271,"score_gpt":0.2321244517532698,"score_spread":0.2181178145363571,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}