{"id":"W1984964656","doi":"10.7202/1026129ar","title":"Epidemiological Uncertainty, Causation, and Drug Product Liability","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"McGill Law Journal","topic":"Medical Malpractice and Liability Issues","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Causation; Plaintiff; Product liability; Epidemiology; Actuarial science; Liability; Context (archaeology); Economics; Law; Medicine; Political science; Pathology; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.06192746,0.0006637106,0.001294703,0.005328226,0.00852585,0.009760072,0.002971934,0.01803996,0.003591848],"category_scores_gemma":[0.159573,0.0009128851,0.001464482,0.002650618,0.04612254,0.01508392,0.008334986,0.01169598,0.000409129],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006684436,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00930974,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006117603,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004958032,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9323786,0.04070108,0.003738657,0.004558851,0.01610078,0.002521931],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.7438199,0.2336613,0.01006108,0.004898382,0.006243099,0.001316265],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00000736389,0.000009356741,0.0005664398,0.00005378469,0.00001075698,0.0001786082,0.0006032924,0.0003437017,0.00002778764,0.9926153,0.001000704,0.004583002],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002164233,0.00003494782,0.0008131667,0.0004025599,0.00002768991,0.0003490948,0.000546173,0.0008172252,0.0001199821,0.9772455,0.01958609,0.00003587091],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04255132,0.06096918,0.1375485,0.5491721,0.002388117,0.0001940091,0.0001902884,0.0001008575,0.2068857],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8819468,0.02022576,0.02440145,0.06133533,0.00496458,0.0002384917,0.00005221027,0.00002703297,0.006808436],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.06192746,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3275076,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07926483891439622,"score_gpt":0.4198371947832955,"score_spread":0.3405723558688993,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}