{"id":"W1985569942","doi":"10.1167/2.7.407","title":"A natural bias for basic-level object categorizations","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Vision","topic":"Morphological variations and asymmetry","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Cognitive psychology; Categorization; Superordinate goals; Contrast (vision); Ceiling effect; Task (project management); Artificial intelligence; Social psychology; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000662041,0.00006998154,0.000162616,0.0001099268,0.0001124793,0.00004126516,0.0001338404,0.00007627504,0.0001438173],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001959063,0.00004409841,0.0001452393,0.0001416848,0.00001579123,0.0001352348,0.00002399691,0.0002815164,0.000005848477],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001327633,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004662025,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001886621,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008361124,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992611,0.00002566773,0.0003545565,0.00006739168,0.0001745293,0.0001167448],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986007,0.0005961735,0.0003286873,0.0001162158,0.0002998816,0.00005838681],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001541839,0.001174413,0.00144256,0.00008720077,0.00012089,0.00002901613,0.0003496971,0.00001667316,0.3061459,0.5357502,0.1262363,0.02849298],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006076679,0.002255858,0.1475109,0.000244733,0.0003929021,0.0008220359,0.0004379612,0.008706992,0.01795085,0.702109,0.1127163,0.0007758011],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.717327,0.00005244475,0.2773591,0.001877791,0.002058141,0.0002434511,0.00002676916,0.00002322358,0.00103206],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8361326,0.000005052782,0.1630336,0.0000747192,0.0003265162,0.000001678969,0.000002619819,0.000008681025,0.0004144429],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.288195,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2345323,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07939689707116589,"score_gpt":0.3556804938489938,"score_spread":0.2762835967778279,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}