{"id":"W1986265706","doi":"10.1038/ng1337","title":"The effects of human population structure on large genetic association studies","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Genetics","topic":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":900,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; McGill Genome Centre","funders":"National Institutes of Health; Wellcome Trust","keywords":"Biology; Genetic association; Population; Genome-wide association study; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Population stratification; Genetics; Population structure; Sample size determination; Association (psychology); Evolutionary biology; Computational biology; Demography; Genotype; Statistics; Gene","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.07828285,0.001067509,0.00226873,0.003930776,0.001864609,0.003343147,0.002139606,0.003014921,0.002473566],"category_scores_gemma":[0.2376231,0.001567006,0.002336657,0.005143382,0.007792986,0.003174641,0.003697375,0.004512786,0.0003394857],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009550465,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000832541,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006911414,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01201801,"domain_scores_codex":[0.8791271,0.09994616,0.003188215,0.009450676,0.006586536,0.001701276],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.4733371,0.4525624,0.01720758,0.04759325,0.006438716,0.002860999],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001660499,0.0001086822,0.9191042,0.0003028548,0.009036466,0.001287611,0.001352676,0.00667072,0.003474085,0.01278255,0.002283304,0.04193632],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001975829,0.0002754654,0.9423722,0.0001158386,0.005092974,0.001418096,0.0002701606,0.007444503,0.0008157269,0.03909842,0.002790597,0.0001084017],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9040026,0.03128462,0.04248805,0.01062171,0.000526774,0.00009932559,0.001633508,0.00051579,0.008827623],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9919921,0.001549152,0.003943601,0.0009970398,0.0004805125,0.00003168632,0.0003106401,0.0001006127,0.0005947741],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07828285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4140042,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005188524372150809,"score_gpt":0.2923582597262979,"score_spread":0.2871697353541471,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}