{"id":"W1986916659","doi":"10.1073/pnas.0705367104","title":"A functional single-molecule binding assay via force spectroscopy","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":104,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Ligand (biochemistry); Chemistry; Protein ligand; Dissociation constant; Biophysics; Plasma protein binding; Ligand binding assay; Context (archaeology); Protein–protein interaction; Target protein; Protein structure; Biochemistry; Biology; Receptor","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009936837,0.0000831798,0.00009695815,0.0001135672,0.0002509871,0.0000247576,0.0004133898,0.00003817436,0.00007076388],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002211399,0.00006109683,0.00008746303,0.0006519468,0.000408545,0.0002106265,0.00008514558,0.0001308576,0.000003129571],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003325434,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001805241,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008275672,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.590676e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988325,0.000001934546,0.0002597502,0.000186142,0.000544588,0.0001750761],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994241,0.00006349746,0.0003221198,0.000007765027,0.000152357,0.00003013639],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003849359,0.00004194284,0.003961522,0.000005220202,0.000006330719,4.434188e-10,0.00001976585,0.000008529512,0.8240823,0.1707302,0.0009511057,0.0001892339],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006715058,0.00002489133,0.004078425,0.00002628009,0.000006438505,0.000001224272,0.00008273758,0.000233819,0.9215638,0.07353013,0.0003221092,0.00006298604],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.899956,0.00002231058,0.008594288,0.001250184,0.00002251244,0.0002810989,0.00002870186,0.00003035704,0.08981449],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9890134,5.590451e-7,0.01028834,0.0000815266,0.0001183256,0.000009526855,6.112145e-7,0.000004611697,0.0004830628],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.09748149,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2491457,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02704014852825981,"score_gpt":0.3094303220791311,"score_spread":0.2823901735508713,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}