{"id":"W1987412498","doi":"10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003576","title":"Effects of Specular Highlights on Perceived Surface Convexity","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"PLoS Computational Biology","topic":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Université Laval","keywords":"Standard illuminant; Specular reflection; Specular highlight; Convexity; Regular polygon; Perception; Computer vision; Artificial intelligence; Photometric stereo; Curvature; Computer science; Shading; Surface (topology); Mathematics; Geometry; Optics; Physics; Computer graphics (images); Psychology; Image (mathematics)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008272029,0.0001037334,0.0001749439,0.00005148504,0.00009036686,0.000009943691,0.0001407478,0.00007529038,0.0001140305],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002614165,0.00008622909,0.00004329053,0.00009754693,0.0001414054,0.00003130362,0.00002705708,0.0000858036,0.0003035261],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001398108,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002124875,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002664483,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.459519e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989387,0.0003291775,0.0001572031,0.0002893216,0.000151756,0.0001338314],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988354,0.000887222,0.00008702381,0.00007873821,0.00005856215,0.0000529816],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003233119,0.0001511357,0.00003926844,0.00004118486,0.000004048589,0.000001174015,0.0001319182,0.001495422,0.8958902,0.1019439,0.00003162384,0.0002377292],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007807012,0.0007513116,0.00987966,0.0000410124,0.00001104516,0.000004985347,0.000005815907,0.05367858,0.8659432,0.06819238,0.0005309771,0.0001803418],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9817598,0.000004561274,0.01650936,0.0003832862,0.0001992804,0.0001213942,0.000006387702,0.0000681559,0.0009477029],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967186,0.00000435042,0.001453757,0.001678057,0.00005110514,0.000002875888,0.00001329865,0.000008367927,0.00006961352],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05218316,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3901315,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03730493830541119,"score_gpt":0.2938641410451557,"score_spread":0.2565592027397445,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}