{"id":"W1987705592","doi":"10.1088/0004-637x/703/2/2068","title":"WARPS AND BARS FROM THE EXTERNAL TIDAL TORQUES OF TUMBLING DARK HALOS","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Astrophysical Journal","topic":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Astrophysics; Dark matter; Galaxy; Halo; Spiral galaxy; Dark matter halo; Cold dark matter; Tidal force","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003264193,0.0003328276,0.0002768214,0.0004045719,0.0003757232,0.0005917521,0.0003077305,0.0003477104,0.001940703],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00191142,0.0002664542,0.0003217999,0.0002041887,0.0006603568,0.0004206476,0.0007919212,0.000459662,0.0001444173],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004224044,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001955344,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002629321,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003182576,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999912,0.00001992658,0.000004751406,0.00001267505,0.0000221626,0.00002844923],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994054,0.0001859063,0.0001063303,0.00008674093,0.00005180916,0.0001639139],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001012125,0.0002502417,0.0558737,0.0001950282,0.0002316155,0.001584818,0.0006846557,0.7850752,0.1261377,0.008696178,0.001830535,0.01842823],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001529163,0.0002946004,0.0545117,0.00002860092,0.00006222235,0.0002031653,0.0002584422,0.918577,0.02034541,0.00439757,0.001120561,0.00004781507],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964935,0.00003370735,0.001425432,0.00008145996,0.00001295341,0.000007049526,0.0000559238,0.00007350982,0.001816482],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993634,0.00001875847,0.0002815737,0.00001511983,0.000002958289,0.000003391054,0.00003680697,0.00001989446,0.0002581188],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002629321,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006492257,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007122893186335841,"score_gpt":0.2126223054964358,"score_spread":0.2054994123100999,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}