{"id":"W1988780942","doi":"10.1080/13670050.2013.767778","title":"Learning French as a second official language in Canada: comparing monolingual and bilingual students at Grade 6","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism","topic":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":27,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Nipissing University","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Test (biology); Psychology; Post hoc; Language proficiency; First language; Neuroscience of multilingualism; Multilingualism; Mathematics education; Linguistics; Political science; Pedagogy; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007326472,0.0004245322,0.0004664706,0.001529984,0.004396937,0.002102225,0.0006344325,0.000484498,0.001983637],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00174422,0.0002192545,0.0004112286,0.001259439,0.00095869,0.0005565672,0.001217481,0.0007904363,0.0003740124],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01043324,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0177202,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9430559,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9791636,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999144,0.00005285614,0.00002719631,0.00008984539,0.0003041324,0.0003820639],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979804,0.0001157947,0.0002045199,0.00002149324,0.0008096027,0.0008682928],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004945113,0.0006363413,0.9140758,0.0000757778,0.0000336735,0.0005297579,0.05315858,0.0001279493,0.00240659,0.0003372564,0.0006849967,0.02743874],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000975388,0.0004237586,0.9304651,0.00003793104,0.00001992834,0.000112043,0.06585117,0.0001499355,0.0006541312,0.0000379597,0.002211225,0.00002717332],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986557,0.00006773655,0.00001261763,0.0000355677,0.000003285391,0.000006968518,0.00005946378,0.000002074574,0.001156568],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971966,0.0001095805,0.00005399022,0.00003239736,0.000001657382,0.000007317723,0.0001632384,0.000002508924,0.002432777],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05694407,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1145588,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0171222530350774,"score_gpt":0.3026839240286231,"score_spread":0.2855616709935457,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}