{"id":"W1989931958","doi":"10.1016/j.cognition.2009.06.005","title":"How children block learning from ignorant speakers","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cognition","topic":"Child and Animal Learning Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":111,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Comprehension; Test (biology); Object (grammar); Linguistics; Cognitive psychology; Developmental psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007509091,0.0001173781,0.0001185212,0.00005377348,0.0001249189,0.00007190065,0.00006902499,0.00007488422,0.0006015775],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004465698,0.0001150547,0.0000554395,0.00009175383,0.00002068039,0.00006006598,0.00001097976,0.000255022,0.0008041532],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001624063,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009766531,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001251807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002570932,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992085,0.00006656102,0.0001061721,0.0002937866,0.0001206045,0.0002043677],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997127,0.0000306139,0.00006721529,0.00009549472,0.00003328409,0.00006069051],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005431474,0.0008556719,0.1253552,0.000007136853,0.0005040775,0.0001737061,0.009399079,0.00004277787,0.02709104,0.002163128,0.02622844,0.8076366],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008007877,0.0001701251,0.9871308,0.00004271859,0.00003761525,0.00001727407,0.0003374998,0.000009867621,0.0007361901,0.0007424593,0.009778774,0.0001958805],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9644383,0.0002681819,0.00029293,0.001828897,0.0002189299,0.0001385022,0.000007183254,0.0001957275,0.03261131],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965036,0.00001291934,0.0002082568,0.0006013207,0.0004375207,0.000004086134,0.000290063,0.00001228817,0.001929954],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8617756,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999738,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01660889855468315,"score_gpt":0.244395267021142,"score_spread":0.2277863684664589,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}