{"id":"W1990215054","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9817.2004.00230.x","title":"An investigation of Grade 5 children's knowledge of the doubling rule in spelling","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Research in Reading","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Spelling; Pronunciation; Psychology; Linguistics; Grammar; Reading (process); Artificial intelligence; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005813639,0.00007835485,0.0002448194,0.001183356,0.0000465874,0.00002599878,0.0004336145,0.00008345454,0.00001606422],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001714424,0.0000571755,0.00006643611,0.001227937,0.0001500582,0.0002137004,0.00004202461,0.0008293006,0.000004316762],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002286201,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002686761,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004488666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002848095,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978341,0.0005229224,0.0007764793,0.0001347198,0.0004269226,0.0003048969],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988204,0.0003047505,0.0003339213,0.0002160495,0.0002341565,0.00009069311],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00010981,0.0002897104,0.928941,0.00007809714,0.00003932104,0.0000263732,0.04124441,0.002851061,0.01927464,0.003498203,0.0000358785,0.003611545],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002081456,0.0002157261,0.9339429,0.00285948,0.000006148608,0.0001148864,0.003250869,0.00009328461,0.04134358,0.01592044,0.00006217787,0.0001091124],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9976394,0.0004236421,0.00005582688,0.0003561446,0.0002536022,0.000135524,8.885324e-7,0.000002436506,0.001132518],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975249,0.00005304366,0.002205041,0.000006988459,0.0001246259,0.000001898802,8.637484e-7,0.00001163252,0.0000710272],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03799354,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3602944,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.09968901452854548,"score_gpt":0.4386488999355557,"score_spread":0.3389598854070103,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}