{"id":"W1990512332","doi":"10.1097/01.blo.0000080539.81794.54","title":"Methodologic Issues in Randomized Controlled Trials of Surgical Interventions","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research","topic":"Meta-analysis and systematic reviews","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Population Health Research Institute; McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Randomized controlled trial; Medicine; Psychological intervention; Randomization; External validity; Internal validity; Physical therapy; Research design; MEDLINE; Clinical trial; Evidence-based medicine; Alternative medicine; Medical physics; Surgery; Nursing; Pathology; Psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.8161588,0.006132718,0.01663131,0.01889637,0.004396701,0.01486449,0.01399461,0.01602913,0.005089054],"category_scores_gemma":[0.9068192,0.00585745,0.01050858,0.02668258,0.02599816,0.01179262,0.006832437,0.02357378,0.002240977],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01301989,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01919407,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003175341,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00431418,"domain_scores_codex":[0.05651497,0.8323293,0.06839374,0.01105862,0.03068277,0.001020676],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.08032226,0.8033386,0.02974026,0.06882244,0.01652274,0.001253674],"domain_codex":"methods","domain_gemma":"methods","domain_candidate":"methods","domain_consensus":"methods","study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01527618,0.0008356756,0.007591849,0.1312635,0.0322033,0.002867871,0.0109321,0.008121361,0.001492102,0.364672,0.07910317,0.3456408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01157481,0.002822514,0.004967493,0.05364565,0.01177428,0.00159903,0.0016552,0.02905932,0.002686247,0.6887224,0.1907885,0.0007046868],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.002892836,0.05705131,0.7822169,0.0292404,0.04022337,0.07639479,0.002374953,0.002177151,0.007428377],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.05514237,0.007812499,0.693758,0.01505158,0.00547602,0.2198828,0.0004810993,0.0004827461,0.001912948],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1838412,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2267089,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.9520254117545206,"score_gpt":0.7435039032989393,"score_spread":0.2085215084555813,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}