{"id":"W1990762824","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1085359","title":"What Drives Security Issuance Decisions: Market Timing, Pecking Order, or Both?","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Pecking order; Market timing; Order (exchange); Business; Security market; Monetary economics; Finance; Financial system; Economics; Initial public offering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002666403,0.0002581774,0.0007790969,0.0008266341,0.000509549,0.005269745,0.0005711396,0.002123151,0.01956716],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03037328,0.0004346962,0.0004200538,0.000857642,0.0008766994,0.003285554,0.0005710612,0.001806976,0.002382778],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004928694,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001029441,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002588321,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004081654,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992324,0.0001840302,0.00007113187,0.0001454651,0.0001452796,0.0002216382],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9617143,0.02190357,0.01133476,0.001060089,0.001280313,0.002706913],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001617616,0.001849944,0.8830939,0.0002518105,0.0003793011,0.0008829762,0.001289351,0.00973093,0.007715155,0.02129634,0.005179245,0.06671344],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002246848,0.0007617368,0.8974286,0.00009321497,0.0002413585,0.0003697241,0.002746813,0.03255928,0.00244359,0.05877843,0.004245188,0.000107445],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.983256,0.0004946594,0.001540506,0.001811283,0.00006482532,0.00003480422,0.0001508658,0.00003444502,0.01261264],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976011,0.0001958742,0.000243492,0.0001415884,0.00006881592,0.000005159329,0.00007501372,0.00002012738,0.001648864],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01956716,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06545866,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03052327503112522,"score_gpt":0.2426898672075671,"score_spread":0.2121665921764419,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}