{"id":"W1991018132","doi":"10.1080/10916460802706497","title":"Visualization and Quantification of Asphaltinic-Heavy Oil Displacement by Co-Solvents at Different Wettability Conditions","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Petroleum Science and Technology","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Micromodel; Asphaltene; Wetting; Solvent; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Hydrocarbon; Enhanced oil recovery; Petroleum; Petroleum engineering; Materials science; Chromatography; Porous medium; Organic chemistry; Geology; Porosity","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002013446,0.000100898,0.0001485957,0.0002426981,0.0001277907,0.00001669065,0.0001350665,0.00008829526,0.00001036571],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007388717,0.00009602125,0.00001112664,0.0003529063,0.0004792874,0.0001638562,0.00003638886,0.00007417185,0.000001591374],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001143342,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001047831,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002888014,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009683614,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991477,0.00000912975,0.0002138112,0.0002481299,0.0001884369,0.0001928385],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995922,0.00002595617,0.00006113782,0.0002087913,0.00006765508,0.00004427791],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006038767,0.0000696614,0.01071945,0.00003754863,0.000003942921,1.532659e-7,0.00002909009,0.00001902463,0.9687347,0.00677848,0.0002498964,0.01335206],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001932365,0.0001943239,0.01545956,0.00003053633,0.000008659274,0.000004373454,0.00003880198,0.01243343,0.9689349,0.0017715,0.0008086885,0.0001219722],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934313,0.0003002667,0.004995455,0.0002580411,0.00004523113,0.00006035194,0.00002517185,0.0002779848,0.0006061553],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992134,0.000529271,0.0001349993,0.00001671705,0.000002835729,0.00002597324,0.000018757,0.000005175953,0.00005288039],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01323009,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3915633,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007983337047354015,"score_gpt":0.2790407569500039,"score_spread":0.2710574199026499,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}