{"id":"W1991057718","doi":"10.1021/la991512y","title":"Nucleophilic Substitution Sulfonation in Microemulsions and Emulsions","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Langmuir","topic":"Surfactants and Colloidal Systems","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Microemulsion; Bromide; Pulmonary surfactant; Sulfonate; Sodium; Chloride; Inorganic chemistry; Cationic polymerization; Nucleophilic substitution; Counterion; Emulsion; Organic chemistry; Ion","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003740409,0.0003903203,0.0003428305,0.000165017,0.00009231974,0.0002354115,0.0002345047,0.0002200795,0.0004011813],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002965324,0.0002021266,0.000267248,0.0001164645,0.0002802543,0.0003247394,0.0002366795,0.0003778536,0.0002562528],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000278084,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001750956,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004410965,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006728233,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997845,0.00005273102,0.00002055528,0.0000518261,0.00006823062,0.0000222623],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998802,0.00003591459,0.00004311004,0.000007970837,0.00002009261,0.00001266053],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002254751,0.000006874436,0.00005234658,0.00005732777,0.000003584312,0.00002734948,0.00001181033,0.0002156336,0.9979443,0.0001736193,0.00002344066,0.001461117],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001001928,0.0001095347,0.00018444,0.000004431465,0.000005038153,0.00004343804,0.000007298633,0.001909957,0.9960901,0.00009020334,0.001541402,0.000004098053],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9413595,0.005373416,0.05069597,0.0001588526,0.0001012176,0.000101687,0.0002002036,0.0003163416,0.001692794],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9651088,0.003836803,0.02709289,0.00006983278,0.00002554448,0.00007015913,0.0001865946,0.00007274955,0.003536681],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0004410965,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002017677,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00731714633978281,"score_gpt":0.2104212073649928,"score_spread":0.20310406102521,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}