{"id":"W1991194359","doi":"10.2118/2005-192","title":"Experimental Investigation of Surfactant Adsorption on Sand and Oil-Water Interface in Heavy Oil/Water/Sand Systems","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian International Petroleum Conference","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick; University of Regina","funders":"Petroleum Technology Research Centre","keywords":"Pulmonary surfactant; Adsorption; Petroleum engineering; Environmental science; Geotechnical engineering; Materials science; Geology; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001319747,0.0001700108,0.0001786002,0.0003674304,0.00002074244,0.00008128705,0.0001684084,0.00009731538,0.0001498781],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001143011,0.0001534508,0.00002389125,0.00003594573,0.000059525,0.0003020944,0.00002148507,0.0001670481,0.00002773742],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006701768,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005029516,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008259008,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01346073,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990112,0.00002904504,0.0003188935,0.0002097913,0.0001781329,0.0002529425],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995942,0.00002380227,0.00003331444,0.0001266079,0.00006556305,0.0001565384],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005040696,0.00002116193,0.002414019,0.00008090199,0.00003934235,0.000007296379,0.001214609,0.04731683,0.9460422,0.0009161884,0.0002507748,0.00164621],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003202028,0.00007160857,0.0009621572,0.0003222682,0.000002772859,0.00001065784,0.00008315936,0.05280757,0.9428935,0.00005321857,0.002274374,0.0001984981],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9874734,0.000178647,0.0001756121,0.000242715,0.0003560909,0.00003812689,0.00005527358,0.00006074688,0.01141943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990231,0.00009833476,0.0001316907,0.00004308983,0.00005623147,0.00003750467,0.00005309855,0.00002240346,0.000534503],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01154978,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9983451,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01375601636473311,"score_gpt":0.225859708956574,"score_spread":0.2121036925918409,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}