{"id":"W1991660134","doi":"10.1115/1.2892034","title":"Mechanical Properties of Cold Bend Pipes","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology","topic":"Structural Integrity and Reliability Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"TransCanada (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Bauschinger effect; Materials science; Bending; Cold-formed steel; Structural engineering; Buckling; Composite material; Strain hardening exponent; Material properties; Tension (geology); Pure bending; Yield (engineering); Cold forming; Bending moment; Ultimate tensile strength; Plasticity; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001345777,0.0001142283,0.0004422957,0.0003428189,0.00004296168,0.000004821305,0.0003652748,0.0003316197,0.00004104495],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000169972,0.00008052868,0.0001502653,0.0003530601,0.0002404223,0.0001222266,0.00003914434,0.0005810378,0.000002291097],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000158636,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002727528,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009013723,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004305136,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990572,0.00002230695,0.0004968143,0.00008082739,0.0001930292,0.0001498281],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993398,0.00002924274,0.0001531007,0.0001926343,0.000245492,0.00003970323],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005150288,0.00009106054,0.0007174048,0.0003310853,0.0009886455,0.00006059777,0.0002823715,0.01082378,0.9758213,0.006017874,0.00363645,0.001177992],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002674471,0.0001574583,0.0002369041,0.0001044238,0.000202729,0.0004763917,0.0001825288,0.002368826,0.9676307,0.001590068,0.0266605,0.0001220358],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9882253,0.009138254,0.0009328245,0.001000064,0.0003203405,0.00006373237,0.000004332947,0.0001024111,0.0002127694],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997398,0.0009423693,0.001445413,0.000008949134,0.00006324206,0.000001611809,1.384425e-7,0.00001098709,0.0001292585],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02302405,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3283864,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01485291171132925,"score_gpt":0.2065704871880008,"score_spread":0.1917175754766716,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}