{"id":"W1991660134","doi":"10.1115/1.2892034","title":"Mechanical Properties of Cold Bend Pipes","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology","topic":"Structural Integrity and Reliability Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"TransCanada (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Bauschinger effect; Materials science; Bending; Cold-formed steel; Structural engineering; Buckling; Composite material; Strain hardening exponent; Material properties; Tension (geology); Pure bending; Yield (engineering); Cold forming; Bending moment; Ultimate tensile strength; Plasticity; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004645016,0.0004022004,0.0003523758,0.000840881,0.0003542214,0.0003094852,0.0004217958,0.0004477585,0.002738707],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001573327,0.0003311242,0.0002221021,0.00073225,0.0005463666,0.0004482036,0.000409504,0.0004022207,0.0005606592],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000210331,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002046062,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000750053,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001265327,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995785,0.00002018898,0.00002861203,0.00007253469,0.0002643235,0.00003586446],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986935,0.000247882,0.0002819342,0.0001707844,0.0004978664,0.0001080405],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002299582,0.00003825542,0.01484632,0.0001644897,0.00001514763,0.0002985611,0.000414652,0.005918006,0.9568725,0.0002501516,0.0003575942,0.02059438],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002146269,0.002191327,0.4174518,0.00005127023,0.00007677272,0.0011524,0.0007699881,0.01154891,0.5571997,0.0002832893,0.009138029,0.0001149324],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9913405,0.000278618,0.005232071,0.00003206043,0.00001314136,0.00003526234,0.0007799666,0.0001119507,0.002176512],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945803,0.0001342675,0.0015911,0.00001222782,0.00000525705,0.0000231218,0.0006179244,0.00003637605,0.002999428],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002738707,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00916189,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01485291171132925,"score_gpt":0.2065704871880008,"score_spread":0.1917175754766716,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}