{"id":"W1991744090","doi":"10.1002/mrm.10173","title":"MRI of the lungs using hyperpolarized noble gases","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","topic":"Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":396,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Nycomed Amersham; National Institutes of Health; Max-Planck-Gesellschaft; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; National Center for Research Resources; Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst; European Commission; Whitaker Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung","keywords":"Noble gas; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Hyperpolarization (physics); Polarization (electrochemistry); Induced polarization; Materials science; Chemistry; Physics; Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Atomic physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003832731,0.0003817243,0.001830697,0.0001490075,0.00007522348,0.00001122592,0.0008157296,0.0001192845,0.001581036],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004423627,0.0002284224,0.0003171026,0.0008520077,0.0004969453,0.00004353557,0.0002186132,0.0007297631,0.00002482449],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001171235,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004095581,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0010133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000343226,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974504,0.0002732637,0.0008805156,0.0004109585,0.0005266647,0.0004581985],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984077,0.0003455833,0.0003458475,0.0007574339,0.00006361651,0.00007988137],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004036334,0.00006317054,0.0006271551,0.001192567,0.0000181993,0.000003893731,0.0001375147,0.000001422355,0.000008471464,0.0008540975,0.001353501,0.9957359],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007165989,0.00002872209,0.0000419393,0.01457579,0.0002122342,0.000005257491,0.0000928066,0.003554479,0.000003929167,0.001018154,0.979512,0.0002380893],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001884615,0.9921202,0.000153996,0.00006146634,0.000183869,0.000781421,0.000043421,0.000006643074,0.00646054],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0007525967,0.9953318,0.0001749846,0.00002277561,0.000484466,0.0000637078,0.00001660139,0.00005508889,0.00309803],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9954979,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993317,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06651131253312843,"score_gpt":0.3530018567982982,"score_spread":0.2864905442651698,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}