{"id":"W1991897414","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.112.160404","title":"<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><mml:mi>ψ</mml:mi></mml:math>-Epistemic Models are Exponentially Bad at Explaining the Distinguishability of Quantum States","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Letters","topic":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Perimeter Institute","funders":"","keywords":"Ontic; Hilbert space; Dimension (graph theory); Quantum state; Quantum; State (computer science); Mathematics; Quantum mechanics; Theoretical physics; Discrete mathematics; Physics; Pure mathematics; Epistemology; Philosophy; Algorithm","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004985684,0.0002300852,0.0002931241,0.00001470863,0.0003059578,0.00006655951,0.0004323027,0.00003130657,0.00001478871],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007888097,0.0002035894,0.0004546341,0.0001360065,0.0001560259,0.0001325225,0.0002742577,0.000260122,0.0001546712],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001020457,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003969414,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001252735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006722537,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982796,0.0001015532,0.0004865031,0.0004101754,0.0003549249,0.0003672038],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980859,0.0004621814,0.0005652458,0.000723766,0.0000477943,0.0001151511],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001252369,0.0001182675,0.00002175131,0.0004637252,0.0000672547,0.000001237266,0.0002188356,0.0004286362,0.002742778,0.9949726,0.0003576313,0.0005947464],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001430294,0.00005382363,0.00005218808,0.0009374032,0.0001669135,0.000002086178,0.00009613818,0.9777741,0.0008717612,0.01776693,0.001931338,0.0002043274],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9807087,0.000263596,0.01643246,0.002066554,0.0001106558,0.0001072319,0.0001037282,0.00003335344,0.0001736942],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975142,0.000184328,0.0001956073,0.001119551,0.0004082504,0.0003479032,0.000178238,0.0000487485,0.000003166791],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9773454,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8302133,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01978295133539432,"score_gpt":0.259549152602485,"score_spread":0.2397662012670907,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}