{"id":"W1992140711","doi":"10.1016/j.corsci.2012.01.019","title":"Angle-resolved XPS study of carbon steel passivity and chloride-induced depassivation in simulated concrete pore solution","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Corrosion Science","topic":"Concrete Corrosion and Durability","field":"Engineering","cited_by":234,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada; Carleton University","funders":"National Research Council Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Passivation; Passivity; Materials science; Oxide; Carbon steel; Substrate (aquarium); Chloride; Corrosion; Stoichiometry; Contact angle; Metallurgy; Layer (electronics); Composite material; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Physical chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001070195,0.0001646811,0.0002565413,0.0002407745,0.0001130797,0.00003298415,0.0001917986,0.00008609184,0.00001048925],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000441208,0.0001537981,0.00002531379,0.001093996,0.0001514847,0.0005065502,0.0001382402,0.0001796655,0.000001404523],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001635035,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004924356,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001570504,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009220133,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983748,0.00006386589,0.0004094881,0.000310219,0.0004568456,0.0003847583],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990538,0.0001408051,0.00009555995,0.000373853,0.0001498394,0.0001861211],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004123257,0.00002793472,0.1454889,0.00001926311,5.394717e-7,0.00000145684,0.00131687,0.0004474558,0.8502489,0.0000134903,0.000003509884,0.002390422],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001161841,0.0001931709,0.5099244,0.00005295476,0.00001214153,0.000004065416,0.0009800519,0.272639,0.2147395,0.00001165299,0.00002484654,0.0002564316],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979294,0.00007414737,0.0005305533,0.00001641924,0.0006300568,0.0004884837,0.00000257342,0.0001129847,0.0002154061],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998876,0.000009383073,0.00003301382,0.00001233871,0.00002512607,0.00001194468,0.000002595357,0.00001172618,0.000006214359],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6355094,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6271703,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03096781862177217,"score_gpt":0.2665136690291837,"score_spread":0.2355458504074115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}