{"id":"W1993966886","doi":"10.1006/jcis.2002.8471","title":"Bitumen–Clay Interactions in Aqueous Media Studied by Zeta Potential Distribution Measurement","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Colloid and Interface Science","topic":"Minerals Flotation and Separation Techniques","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":169,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Zeta potential; Montmorillonite; Kaolinite; Suspension (topology); Asphalt; Chemistry; Clay minerals; Aqueous solution; Chemical engineering; Mineralogy; Emulsion; Materials science; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Nanoparticle; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001680024,0.0002946564,0.0002619874,0.000345755,0.000255546,0.0003607169,0.0001734212,0.0002518772,0.0009024875],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000292984,0.0001314934,0.0001549447,0.0003111404,0.0001920591,0.000328835,0.0002760097,0.0003894401,0.0002822057],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001639599,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001459697,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001143089,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009783384,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998487,0.00001767276,0.00001076246,0.00002267017,0.00006418998,0.00003599362],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998131,0.00005285957,0.00003830663,0.000009041644,0.00006301075,0.00002363514],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009490236,0.000008802386,0.0006500574,0.00002662906,0.000005673744,0.00003678955,0.00003223113,0.00005525363,0.9975683,0.00003328426,0.000016547,0.001471452],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004824903,0.0000735598,0.003008388,0.000002718609,0.00001109667,0.00007052358,0.00005493566,0.0009617274,0.9952576,0.00003443495,0.0005142138,0.000005852822],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955769,0.0007151641,0.002708454,0.00002530054,0.00001485468,0.00001173564,0.0001109258,0.0000211192,0.000815532],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975044,0.0003735289,0.001118033,0.00001515043,0.000003343826,0.000008333295,0.0001075048,0.000008674037,0.0008610854],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001143089,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003019094,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02194545314959066,"score_gpt":0.2684544317071084,"score_spread":0.2465089785575178,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}