{"id":"W1994118358","doi":"10.1007/s11120-005-6313-3","title":"John Biggins (1936–2004): His Ingenuity, Tenacity and Humor; No-Nonsense Science with a Big Heart","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Photosynthesis Research","topic":"Various Chemistry Research Topics","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Tenacity (mineralogy); Ingenuity; Nonsense; Philosophy; Chemistry; Epistemology; Biochemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003317034,0.0003746057,0.0004407224,0.0005187965,0.001293275,0.000584666,0.001233163,0.0002149694,0.001626275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003774097,0.0003198312,0.00008873961,0.001433771,0.00303978,0.0003162482,0.0009920099,0.001495706,0.0004055857],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008729699,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001522675,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001076183,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005379653,"domain_scores_codex":[0.993125,0.0001567472,0.0003803926,0.001259334,0.003075995,0.002002551],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9954579,0.0009718197,0.00007649861,0.001486384,0.001050612,0.0009567266],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002284114,0.0003057538,0.005765007,0.0002486653,0.00005321054,0.0000810711,0.0004150077,0.000005118641,0.9787104,0.00002535564,0.001813848,0.01234812],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005054777,0.00007544146,0.0006340409,0.0001590185,0.00001410524,0.0001804277,0.0002129924,0.001209216,0.920172,0.00007056171,0.07638061,0.0003860631],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9393292,0.0002950442,0.000006631124,0.002247821,0.00002272593,0.0002842056,0.0000638709,0.00016381,0.05758666],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9888507,0.0002491564,0.001550793,0.00008790971,0.0005283038,0.0001469818,0.000004603769,0.00007612096,0.008505413],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07456676,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999254,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06774852937218984,"score_gpt":0.3418594363914293,"score_spread":0.2741109070192395,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}