{"id":"W1994312371","doi":"10.1061/(asce)1090-025x(2004)8:3(166)","title":"Extraction of Copper from a Low-Grade Ore by Rhamnolipids","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Practice Periodical of Hazardous Toxic and Radioactive Waste Management","topic":"Radioactive element chemistry and processing","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Copper; Copper extraction techniques; Extraction (chemistry); Chemistry; Residue (chemistry); Rhamnolipid; Froth flotation; Metallurgy; Copper oxide; Hydroxide; Metal; Oxide; Mineral processing; Nuclear chemistry; Chromatography; Materials science; Inorganic chemistry; Geology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002721757,0.0003658107,0.0005470622,0.00007874633,0.000251312,0.0001020897,0.000262298,0.0002066848,0.0004176718],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001525831,0.0003460278,0.0001520574,0.0001696855,0.0005781085,0.0006739055,0.0001275385,0.0004694774,0.000005619374],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002173772,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009341253,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001653718,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001813681,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997645,0.00006143156,0.0006397996,0.0006173271,0.0006593937,0.0003771042],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982997,0.0003158593,0.0006936023,0.000379787,0.0001054909,0.0002056149],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001805681,0.002499762,0.0002824009,0.001555147,0.00196827,0.0001319317,0.002825562,0.0003398018,0.9419498,0.0008297148,0.001176219,0.04463572],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004072793,0.0001698524,0.00011964,0.0005150225,0.000773522,0.00008406406,0.01516898,0.0002292949,0.9400032,0.0005212352,0.03778112,0.0005613299],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9504111,0.003382555,0.004438384,0.001433268,0.0001385334,0.0002352735,0.0001719912,0.00006333589,0.03972553],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930594,0.001243721,0.004775869,0.0001477334,0.0001854699,0.00003345395,0.00006459593,0.00003666385,0.0004531125],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04407439,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998991,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007455920108595379,"score_gpt":0.2577128806676622,"score_spread":0.2502569605590669,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}