{"id":"W1995901658","doi":"10.2118/116570-ms","title":"Advances in World Oil Shale Production Technologies","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition","topic":"Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":78,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Office of Petroleum Reserves; U.S. Bureau of Land Management; U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Oil shale; Shale oil extraction; Commercialization; Shale oil; Unconventional oil; Oil sands; Tight oil; Natural resource economics; Retort; Fossil fuel; Business; Environmental science; Environmental protection; Engineering; Waste management; Geography; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007470042,0.0001073731,0.0001531903,0.0002544261,0.00005971172,0.00001443113,0.0000713186,0.00009149965,0.00002627726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004332097,0.00009659746,0.00002963672,0.0005222731,0.0001315931,0.0005409553,0.0000266289,0.0002076938,0.00002038613],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002830607,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001020092,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008373227,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005261542,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993181,0.00001267506,0.0001918708,0.0001956201,0.0001222938,0.000159498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997616,0.00001037224,0.00001927829,0.0001334522,0.0000451018,0.00003024291],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001972005,0.0006346716,0.016103,0.0007875197,0.00006532652,0.0002664791,0.003067603,0.02631443,0.1300028,0.02436168,0.01829778,0.7799016],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005447984,0.001291927,0.03530279,0.002909153,0.0002120382,0.0007522951,0.02266581,0.1390773,0.3656699,0.1475955,0.2719818,0.007093566],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8905518,0.005014224,0.006954285,0.005370561,0.000285035,0.0002840045,0.00002297387,0.003848585,0.08766851],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9845958,0.01471055,0.0002705757,0.00001572038,0.00003463532,0.00003513502,0.00001691259,0.000008118728,0.0003125751],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.772808,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.393913,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01898764891920776,"score_gpt":0.2417877844858631,"score_spread":0.2228001355666553,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}