{"id":"W1996123109","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20051","title":"Assessment of cleaner process options: A case study from petroleum refining","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","keywords":"Process (computing); Hazardous waste; Refinery; Oil refinery; Life-cycle assessment; Refining (metallurgy); Computer science; Environmental impact assessment; Risk analysis (engineering); Cleaner production; Process engineering; Environmental science; Waste management; Engineering; Municipal solid waste; Production (economics); Business","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002871369,0.00009425995,0.0001622268,0.00003567912,0.00008695789,0.00001141266,0.0002090347,0.00003458134,0.0002519996],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000846898,0.00006997334,0.00005942181,0.0001099445,0.0001413772,0.0001342188,0.00002838807,0.0002923459,0.000001829402],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005400284,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009828883,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01276924,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007480889,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991779,0.00002340543,0.0002849943,0.00008501876,0.0002310836,0.0001976355],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993922,0.00005539792,0.00009822277,0.0001547243,0.0000106855,0.0002888157],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008722444,0.0001635076,0.688233,0.00001519487,0.00008028898,0.003673428,0.005033436,0.277902,0.02442727,0.00001458186,0.00006095018,0.0003875884],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002634021,0.0007422044,0.9061807,0.0001264844,0.0002546713,0.01373557,0.01066385,0.03972326,0.02429684,0.0002219371,0.0005650214,0.0008554406],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994761,0.00004248065,0.00007341958,0.00006747938,0.00003893323,0.00005440516,0.000003760337,0.000003582796,0.0002398803],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993076,8.064991e-7,0.0006066577,0.00002044667,0.00003581169,0.000002605659,5.210308e-7,0.00001023923,0.00001534099],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2381788,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9938048,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01173895551590025,"score_gpt":0.2388075507681608,"score_spread":0.2270685952522606,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}