{"id":"W1996425166","doi":"10.1023/b:hcan.0000041186.34205.98","title":"Life Extension Research: Health, Illness, and Death","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Health Care Analysis","topic":"Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Montreal General Hospital; McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Life expectancy; Philosophy of medicine; Life extension; Human enhancement; Longevity; Argument (complex analysis); Environmental ethics; Existentialism; Extension (predicate logic); Sociology; Political science; Engineering ethics; Law; Epistemology; Medicine; Population; Gerontology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007546776,0.0001584107,0.0003488085,0.0002437403,0.0006764629,0.00004246985,0.000151456,0.0001299595,0.00001866416],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001576196,0.0001572779,0.0001318645,0.0004670485,0.00008554311,0.000003486859,0.0001389487,0.0001822384,0.000011605],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001005603,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009874221,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004264354,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005574645,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979607,0.0002334672,0.0003303697,0.0005897025,0.0003345882,0.0005511333],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983721,0.00001256952,0.000111529,0.0005972909,0.0002933833,0.0006131436],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001077986,0.002249428,0.2589209,0.006043524,0.009181334,0.0001684051,0.1802941,0.08605146,0.05041526,0.007187374,0.1847489,0.2136613],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00942779,0.01085855,0.3441612,0.000414078,0.001834247,0.0001369588,0.04504708,0.001137369,0.04364483,0.005756172,0.5329128,0.004668921],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9150756,0.05068227,0.02006126,0.01339948,0.0001446435,0.0003878313,0.00004031172,0.00003382704,0.0001747825],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9838413,0.007081443,0.001677905,0.006803693,0.0002007193,0.00001278258,0.0002669099,0.00002481476,0.00009041371],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3481639,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6446456,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04650474496155758,"score_gpt":0.3633424018284434,"score_spread":0.3168376568668858,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}