{"id":"W1996828631","doi":"10.1007/s00254-003-0776-3","title":"Competitive adsorption behavior of selected heavy metals in three soil types of India amended with fly ash and sewage sludge","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Geology","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":59,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Sorption; Chemistry; Adsorption; Metal; Sewage sludge; Vertisol; Fly ash; Soil water; Amendment; Environmental chemistry; Cation-exchange capacity; Hydrolysis; Alfisol; Sewage; Environmental engineering; Organic chemistry; Geology; Soil science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003796574,0.0002650371,0.0004812409,0.00009100379,0.00003867886,0.000003348739,0.000157537,0.0001632414,0.003423323],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002461108,0.000246333,0.00004482321,0.0002121004,0.001349619,0.0001446795,0.0001784281,0.0002176766,0.0001030014],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001928448,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001193231,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001534843,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006459124,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979861,0.000306411,0.0004678918,0.0004974586,0.000350356,0.0003917479],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999253,0.00008271037,0.0002418812,0.0003162703,0.00000196399,0.0001041287],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007927372,0.0005689766,0.7236872,0.00001007899,0.00003669625,0.00001713225,0.000378199,0.0008646206,0.2733777,0.0004339036,0.000005260288,0.0005408487],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009976262,0.0005467689,0.8294596,0.000009770381,0.0000593371,0.00005058131,0.0002362403,0.00004838328,0.167937,0.000146535,0.0002949663,0.0002132364],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9957526,0.0001658155,0.0001372833,0.00001936756,0.00004372849,0.0005489849,0.00002807276,0.00001128138,0.003292833],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969202,0.00009871428,0.002610583,0.00005166817,0.000005130825,0.00007339173,0.00002582739,0.00002692018,0.0001875303],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1057723,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999989,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007117607614285284,"score_gpt":0.2046332860147964,"score_spread":0.1975156784005111,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}