{"id":"W1996859443","doi":"10.1038/nchembio.238","title":"NMR spectroscopy brings invisible protein states into focus","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Nature Chemical Biology","topic":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":430,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Conformational isomerism; Folding (DSP implementation); Function (biology); Excited state; Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Protein function; Chemistry; Molecular dynamics; Spectroscopy; Protein folding; Protein structure; Computational biology; Computational chemistry; Physics; Biology; Stereochemistry; Biochemistry; Evolutionary biology; Atomic physics; Molecule","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001556135,0.00075495,0.001409188,0.0001143665,0.00006427777,0.00003583514,0.0008682102,0.004468105,0.00002345852],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002532123,0.0005844588,0.0005562881,0.0002587041,0.0002393879,0.000003478176,0.0003788011,0.001793452,0.00003105962],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009506713,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002594951,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001741436,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001000314,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973378,0.0001213897,0.0005799754,0.001169398,0.0001307859,0.0006606666],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985709,0.00003215209,0.0003385291,0.0007766013,0.0000964804,0.000185355],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006030036,0.00005322758,0.000002983138,0.001711881,0.0002135737,0.00001251456,0.000005974572,1.131532e-7,0.2287207,0.001005741,0.002384209,0.7658288],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002109338,0.0003197438,2.249968e-7,0.0005978903,0.0001165741,0.00005954031,9.890254e-7,9.173027e-7,0.1125723,0.009317456,0.8762066,0.0005968157],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0007869524,0.9968297,0.0002884627,0.0001324586,0.0001494452,0.0008914709,0.0001064867,0.00005555031,0.000759427],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0007772194,0.9872327,0.00618047,0.0004690922,0.00117937,0.0001216336,0.003760735,0.00008096539,0.0001978095],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8738225,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996607,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005686219976341078,"score_gpt":0.300158994741516,"score_spread":0.294472774765175,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}