{"id":"W1997071098","doi":"10.1002/adma.200601818","title":"Rapid Prototyping in Copper Substrates for Digital Microfluidics","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Materials","topic":"Electrowetting and Microfluidic Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":106,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Microfluidics; Photolithography; Rapid prototyping; Materials science; Digital microfluidics; Nanotechnology; Printed circuit board; Electrode; Optoelectronics; Electrical engineering; Electrowetting; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001091367,0.0001492375,0.000198799,0.00007776034,0.00003163343,0.00006919565,0.0001096141,0.00009285167,0.000007933836],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004394163,0.0001505308,0.00002650276,0.0000911542,0.00003058099,0.0001881916,0.00001423635,0.00005099711,0.0000111004],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006394443,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001151486,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006526189,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002234224,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991649,0.000004621234,0.000273329,0.0001579279,0.00004849655,0.0003507037],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999755,0.00003901757,0.00002775545,0.0001370132,0.00002892467,0.00001225155],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001941233,0.00001097933,0.00004060657,0.00009634371,0.000004761681,0.000001968532,0.00001186102,0.00003546731,0.9830408,0.0004535881,0.001433354,0.01485089],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004243596,0.00003702204,0.00009794215,0.00005937612,0.000002593583,0.000004738982,0.0000274831,0.000002835846,0.952481,0.002895764,0.04379254,0.0001743102],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9904321,0.006751955,0.0005090298,0.00004608241,0.0002129294,0.0006752337,0.00006809062,0.0008299626,0.0004745707],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969243,0.0006192023,0.001883367,0.00001133484,0.00005690858,0.0003426972,0.00005395934,0.00004340803,0.0000648629],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04235919,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6138466,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005995099712240548,"score_gpt":0.2032749516678024,"score_spread":0.1972798519555618,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}