{"id":"W1997267310","doi":"10.1175/mwr3083.1","title":"Low-Frequency Variability and Evolution of North American Cold Air Outbreaks","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Monthly Weather Review","topic":"Climate variability and models","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Diabatic; Advection; Orographic lift; Air mass (solar energy); Environmental science; Climatology; Subsidence; Warm front; Airflow; Atmospheric sciences; Orography; Meteorology; Geology; Geography; Precipitation","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000618842,0.0001470662,0.0003674979,0.00001299871,0.00005294961,0.000004822986,0.0001516614,0.00002635083,0.0002241167],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000602388,0.0001228885,0.00008403916,0.0002998627,0.000343147,0.000125198,0.0001022741,0.0000790272,0.00004593386],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001880676,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001227152,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004971779,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002173814,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986912,0.0001561897,0.0004017262,0.0003493102,0.0001994226,0.000202146],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992418,0.00005183379,0.0001726083,0.0004556471,0.00001401137,0.00006412216],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005729248,0.0003452497,0.9871506,0.0007901817,0.000007888005,0.000001369943,0.00004682332,0.0005702963,0.0006599173,0.00101399,0.0004916558,0.008916306],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001395732,0.00007578567,0.9888489,0.000283053,0.00007178607,0.000001394505,0.00000361039,0.000403287,0.00005258281,0.001586849,0.008331751,0.0002014335],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9820955,0.004160959,0.0003412327,0.0004253978,0.00002812147,0.0006766918,0.00006233684,0.00003904971,0.01217068],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972054,0.001520652,0.0008807319,0.0002250602,0.00001436407,0.00004396269,0.000008627204,0.0000110989,0.00009005181],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01510992,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7515876,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007907652709403917,"score_gpt":0.2162522097788504,"score_spread":0.2083445570694465,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}