{"id":"W1997809630","doi":"10.1021/es902211j","title":"Sulfide Remediation by Pulsed Injection of Nitrate into a Low Temperature Canadian Heavy Oil Reservoir","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Mine drainage and remediation techniques","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":130,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Baker Hughes (Canada); University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Nitrate; Sulfate; Sulfide; Injection well; Chemistry; Environmental remediation; Nitrite; Produced water; Aqueous solution; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Contamination; Environmental science; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008329468,0.0002547136,0.0002950859,0.0001256388,0.0003478347,0.0003236292,0.0004923978,0.0001884741,0.0003832025],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001330837,0.0001222467,0.0001891306,0.0001647763,0.0002207059,0.000114958,0.0002671322,0.0002832105,0.00009325044],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001711656,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001990213,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1825839,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.309828,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998785,0.000005545978,0.000005173455,0.00003035121,0.00005333763,0.00002713133],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999092,0.000006661049,0.00002131932,0.000005422976,0.00003573046,0.00002164543],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009911871,0.00002232213,0.001595114,0.00002137899,0.000004464153,0.00004260685,0.00002693323,0.0004344552,0.9957958,0.00001370988,0.00003029577,0.001913739],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002087535,0.0004549132,0.01205542,0.00000411305,0.000019923,0.0000545648,0.00007387076,0.003167429,0.9831835,0.00001703957,0.0009331783,0.0000151829],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987431,0.00006454842,0.0007498348,0.00002536622,0.000004082571,0.000011985,0.00007689886,0.00003293121,0.0002913366],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948274,0.0001631156,0.003239323,0.00002077557,0.000001646645,0.00001401335,0.0001453919,0.00001669414,0.001571445],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8174161,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3630422,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.002748920783901045,"score_gpt":0.2011780360851294,"score_spread":0.1984291153012283,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}