{"id":"W1998846527","doi":"10.1007/s10640-007-9158-8","title":"Environmental Taxation and Vertical Cournot Oligopolies: How Eco-industries Matter","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental and Resource Economics","topic":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":87,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Wilfrid Laurier University; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Cournot competition; Oligopoly; Economics; Market power; Microeconomics; Externality; Context (archaeology); Outsourcing; Market structure; Optimal tax; Industrial organization; Production (economics); Perfect competition; Final good; Business; Monopoly","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003953202,0.0002704948,0.000371489,0.0001498112,0.0002515713,0.0001438658,0.000121186,0.0002726709,0.000835279],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001174714,0.0003226428,0.00006676651,0.00002173166,0.0004332452,0.0003047434,0.0002057282,0.0002469629,0.0006852099],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002557544,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00000327602,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004238518,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002294627,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984586,0.000009642039,0.0004924851,0.0005306476,0.00002374095,0.0004848858],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991718,0.00007788607,0.0002637301,0.0002350518,5.698382e-7,0.0002509551],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001516411,0.0002213276,0.9736955,0.00003940865,0.0001384552,0.000008917068,0.003135046,0.00003810988,0.0004544591,0.01430302,0.001904778,0.005909387],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001559253,0.0001694017,0.6795363,0.00001147978,0.00002535473,0.0001179925,0.005020659,0.0009648566,0.001396065,0.004633691,0.3056534,0.0009115234],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9906127,0.001168389,0.00007041329,0.001712523,0.0001382008,0.0001729895,0.0004012343,0.00001827779,0.005705201],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948373,0.001990222,0.0001014837,0.001306784,0.0002876906,0.000009122863,0.00008881284,0.00004566965,0.001332949],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3037486,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999226,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02094563970972936,"score_gpt":0.1796145966996005,"score_spread":0.1586689569898711,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}