{"id":"W1999022472","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2015.02.065","title":"Study of heat transfer by thermal expansion of connate water ahead of a steam chamber edge in the steam-assisted-gravity-drainage process","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fuel","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures; CMG Reservoir Simulation Foundation","keywords":"Heat transfer; Thermal conduction; Convection; Convective heat transfer; Steam-assisted gravity drainage; Mechanics; Thermal reservoir; Thermodynamics; Thermal; Natural convection; Petroleum engineering; Asphalt; Geology; Oil sands; Materials science; Heat spreader; Composite material","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001055947,0.0001462775,0.0002260293,0.0001055664,0.0002646985,0.0002106489,0.000187665,0.000171825,0.001114913],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002299345,0.00009834667,0.0001443434,0.0001426564,0.0004192958,0.0004387861,0.0001233157,0.00029341,0.0000793905],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001937046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001520007,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001409749,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001161913,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999589,0.000007973669,0.000001076108,0.000008588669,0.00001210248,0.00001136888],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999235,0.00004928753,0.000007912681,0.000003847901,0.0000100213,0.000005547608],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007089807,0.0001230713,0.001270537,0.0001282613,0.00001287899,0.0001917503,0.0002149749,0.01169084,0.9782354,0.002143899,0.00009860956,0.005180832],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004764294,0.0007444967,0.006063878,0.000004661301,0.00001967745,0.00007604867,0.0001650885,0.1319335,0.8596785,0.0002772449,0.0009714676,0.00001776335],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9984127,0.00008092357,0.0008080207,0.00001493623,0.000003951409,0.000003752674,0.000009208968,0.000005977355,0.0006606018],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993157,0.00004348679,0.0002187887,0.000001971168,0.000001783354,0.000001767671,0.000006132412,0.000002073459,0.0004082639],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001409749,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003729701,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02166091470444593,"score_gpt":0.2611907551240403,"score_spread":0.2395298404195944,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}