{"id":"W1999118061","doi":"10.1063/1.2187069","title":"Coherent structures in an airfoil boundary layer and wake at low Reynolds numbers","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physics of Fluids","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Vibration Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":137,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Reynolds number; Airfoil; Boundary layer; Physics; Wake; Vortex; Flow separation; Mechanics; Vortex shedding; Laminar flow; Starting vortex; Angle of attack; Boundary layer thickness; Inviscid flow; Classical mechanics; Turbulence; Vortex ring; Aerodynamics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000396283,0.0001169094,0.0001729868,0.00004908653,0.0000327299,0.00003225385,0.000071481,0.00004839202,0.00003715885],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000001505914,0.0001200142,0.00004608029,0.0001503219,0.00004338993,0.0001437362,0.00002469419,0.00006885012,0.0000032861],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005386829,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009412553,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001781396,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008261945,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994057,0.00001180864,0.000193538,0.0001304815,0.0001264551,0.0001320191],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997265,0.00001159357,0.00001840059,0.0001786307,0.00002733046,0.00003749626],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003887646,0.0001552586,0.08027733,0.0002719887,0.0001247607,0.000007552433,0.001016445,0.3262254,0.5460966,0.03566555,0.002890447,0.00722975],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000607915,0.00003921612,0.06411649,0.00002406992,0.00003348721,0.000001153298,0.00004374943,0.8932855,0.03126208,0.009771874,0.0004872588,0.0003272636],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9960884,0.0002179779,0.002343725,0.00001653214,0.00006513952,0.00004916528,0.00002048463,0.00004575992,0.001152834],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991812,0.00003666259,0.0005410314,0.00002048384,0.00006897051,0.000004019674,0.0000588213,0.00002129933,0.0000675369],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5670601,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4894039,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006533915595180993,"score_gpt":0.2161344849484496,"score_spread":0.2096005693532687,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}