{"id":"W1999127196","doi":"10.1016/j.commatsci.2011.02.018","title":"Temporal development of melt-pool morphology and clad geometry in laser powder deposition","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computational Materials Science","topic":"Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":99,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Deposition (geology); Materials science; Morphology (biology); Geometry; Substrate (aquarium); Temperature gradient; Laser; Dilution; Finite element method; Material properties; A priori and a posteriori; Mechanics; Composite material; Optics; Thermodynamics; Geology; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002398317,0.00007857133,0.000122319,0.0001548798,0.00005052545,0.00002693235,0.00009887135,0.00002788616,0.0002112376],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001668972,0.00007378052,0.000004798687,0.0001342856,0.0001553023,0.000182129,0.00005267421,0.00002071954,0.00001076276],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002306912,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004699836,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001701053,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00000318272,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993606,0.00001349861,0.0002328997,0.000138641,0.0001219667,0.0001324507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998065,0.0000240165,0.0000440056,0.00004330459,0.00005024334,0.00003193066],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004647595,0.00005611856,0.001578397,0.0003252859,0.00001105961,0.00001289324,0.001767345,0.008390793,0.9838645,0.000863098,0.00002725896,0.003056817],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000100479,0.00001298766,0.1751337,0.00002337646,0.000001234038,0.000009194311,0.00002142038,0.0002608997,0.8225577,0.001793737,0.000007511549,0.00007780049],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940482,0.00002199407,0.005440532,0.000004326887,0.0002329423,0.00006510023,0.00001765372,0.00003110079,0.0001381194],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.976593,0.000002503767,0.02333979,0.00001641005,0.00001510742,0.000008918296,0.00001595791,0.000006448892,0.000001911557],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1735553,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3008682,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02033242005945681,"score_gpt":0.2266741858996628,"score_spread":0.206341765840206,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}