{"id":"W2001563499","doi":"10.2165/00151829-200504040-00005","title":"The Role of Tiotropium Bromide, a Long-Acting Anticholinergic Bronchodilator, in the Management of COPD","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Treatments in Respiratory Medicine","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"","keywords":"Tiotropium bromide; Medicine; Ipratropium bromide; Anticholinergic; COPD; Bronchodilator; Anesthesia; Salmeterol; Tolerability; Ipratropium; Adverse effect; Intensive care medicine; Bronchodilation; Pharmacology; Asthma; Internal medicine; Lung; Lung function","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00138187,0.000641219,0.002315009,0.0006108645,0.0000958483,0.0000103477,0.0007478985,0.0002519159,0.0001753398],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001425616,0.0003334765,0.0003822557,0.001334605,0.000726743,0.00007334922,0.0001937574,0.0008135543,0.00002364664],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001200806,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005414485,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001607624,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006511901,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9946909,0.0007386134,0.001895283,0.0006639666,0.001334292,0.000676942],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996677,0.0007003772,0.0008157276,0.001508634,0.0001264412,0.0001717751],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001976157,0.0007784385,0.00566516,0.01303422,0.0009162186,0.0007203409,0.0002156406,0.000005489729,0.000004605722,0.0003427227,0.0001600216,0.9779595],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006746216,0.0006003904,0.03484026,0.04078128,0.002844264,0.00006179402,0.001308667,0.00003002983,0.00001127606,0.00005640367,0.9124051,0.0003142933],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00567689,0.9815964,0.000001496835,0.000105705,0.000145162,0.003546759,0.00003462254,0.00001711299,0.008875918],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.008074759,0.990208,0.00005258026,0.0000738261,0.0003568757,0.0004312385,0.00007204968,0.00008726843,0.0006434018],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9776452,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999117,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06414578480112251,"score_gpt":0.3983850323552383,"score_spread":0.3342392475541157,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}