{"id":"W2004065068","doi":"10.1037/h0087454","title":"Seeing double: Levels of processing can cause false memory.","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale","topic":"Memory Processes and Influences","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Cognitive psychology; Repetition (rhetorical device); Illusion; Semantic memory; Levels-of-processing effect; False memory; Information processing; Inference; Test (biology); Session (web analytics); Encoding (memory); Word (group theory); Cognition; Recall; Linguistics; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Neuroscience","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000801771,0.0004623947,0.0006663921,0.0007567414,0.0003821907,0.0001024384,0.001510398,0.0002677398,0.001120032],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002250324,0.0004705635,0.0002289897,0.0006997096,0.000850918,0.0007079566,0.00004828451,0.0006093669,0.00002888573],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009398173,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009972169,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002370223,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02130564,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9960721,0.0001684788,0.001239284,0.000805469,0.0001979595,0.001516727],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963817,0.00007938956,0.0009723905,0.0006573536,0.0001767974,0.001732389],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002327543,0.0002783374,0.002663064,0.00004485023,0.0000483918,0.000903622,0.01007926,0.000184011,0.9712793,0.0004405007,0.003055939,0.01078995],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003573374,0.0009792226,0.003339358,0.0002556442,0.00004576681,0.00484978,0.007050232,0.00004366487,0.9699186,0.0003518077,0.008944443,0.0006481135],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9825073,0.004504213,0.00005613955,0.001691735,0.001530841,0.0003518181,0.0001059822,0.00002949501,0.00922248],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926269,0.00004728504,0.00141654,0.004984593,0.0004394385,0.00002458784,0.000002994701,0.0000659396,0.0003917256],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01893541,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997931,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1146143255815158,"score_gpt":0.3570870388879792,"score_spread":0.2424727133064635,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}