{"id":"W2004450551","doi":"10.1142/s0217732308026339","title":"VACUUM BIREFRINGENCE CAUSED BY ARBITRARY SPIN PARTICLES","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Modern Physics Letters A","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Birefringence; Transverse plane; Polarization (electrochemistry); Magnetic field; Spin (aerodynamics); Spin polarization; Beam (structure); Vacuum polarization","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002165447,0.0003951171,0.0002837045,0.000346244,0.0006137921,0.000686596,0.0002408054,0.0002931648,0.001152344],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006328917,0.0001997693,0.0002127733,0.0003561438,0.001170093,0.0004301317,0.0005044124,0.0004718337,0.0001482599],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003837922,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003137038,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001298133,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004978561,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999846,0.00003798032,0.00000269937,0.00001775068,0.00003873233,0.00005684418],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997341,0.00009245304,0.00007424193,0.00002173621,0.00003424676,0.00004322909],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001592424,0.000236512,0.007361824,0.000223593,0.0001023235,0.003455078,0.001173056,0.06086419,0.7042219,0.2033202,0.0008462364,0.01660265],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004476433,0.0009502564,0.01497022,0.00005078342,0.0001104827,0.001294668,0.0006099115,0.6772884,0.2598267,0.04218491,0.002094892,0.0001710616],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9799393,0.0002298349,0.01250749,0.000122866,0.00002872815,0.00001279769,0.0000170014,0.00007357668,0.007068307],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979114,0.000202214,0.001083624,0.00001295623,0.00001678894,0.000008693346,0.00001320529,0.00001111972,0.0007399972],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001298133,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00385493,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01399083829755339,"score_gpt":0.2158451241768521,"score_spread":0.2018542858792987,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}