{"id":"W2004592187","doi":"10.1063/1.1512679","title":"Photoacoustic infrared spectroscopy of industrial materials (invited)","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Review of Scientific Instruments","topic":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Devon Energy (Canada); Natural Resources Canada","funders":"Syncrude","keywords":"Photoacoustic spectroscopy; Opacity; Infrared; Infrared spectroscopy; Spectroscopy; Characterization (materials science); Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine; Materials science; Optics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Physics; Environmental chemistry; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006832917,0.0008798246,0.0004689088,0.001735823,0.0007045323,0.001297791,0.0009139251,0.001592201,0.03480208],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006848707,0.0005004749,0.0003087911,0.001191681,0.0005385707,0.001614069,0.001045041,0.001510589,0.02264791],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006043461,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003643791,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007126929,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001415594,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995607,0.00003381074,0.00001233223,0.00006534872,0.0002867457,0.00004124509],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999632,0.00006345072,0.00002352946,0.00002500026,0.0002122096,0.00004380081],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001713377,0.0001053248,0.000506599,0.00217358,0.00005024639,0.0005120833,0.0002704792,0.0004559934,0.1782465,0.01033739,0.2692556,0.5379149],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006592808,0.00005502892,0.0007976865,0.0001391589,0.00001384024,0.0007200197,0.00006694666,0.0002543738,0.03167102,0.00236339,0.9638924,0.00001952962],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01241343,0.6578351,0.06533739,0.00922205,0.02808247,0.0003608344,0.0005622794,0.001742105,0.2244444],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.05511691,0.2809313,0.02521782,0.004417677,0.009929698,0.0002598932,0.0009859792,0.0003550419,0.6227857],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03480208,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1164246,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02251233003251847,"score_gpt":0.3195218791400049,"score_spread":0.2970095491074864,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}