{"id":"W2004652013","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2010.482631","title":"Multiple Forms of Exploitation in International Research: The Need for Multiple Standards of Fairness","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"The American Journal of Bioethics","topic":"Ethics in medical practice","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Bioethics; Engineering ethics; Research ethics; Law and economics; Political science; Sociology; Psychology; Environmental ethics; Law; Philosophy; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.06788418,0.000205886,0.0008001277,0.000530362,0.0005557498,0.0000171288,0.001988719,0.001184848,0.00005775132],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1407165,0.0001113062,0.0002516059,0.0006189329,0.006067479,0.0002059941,0.0002966724,0.05091048,0.000002872593],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003332309,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002966345,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001575388,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001239943,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9859343,0.007687554,0.001994725,0.0001995752,0.003655259,0.0005286504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.8582354,0.1286233,0.005092775,0.0006063923,0.00736948,0.00007265629],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01201766,0.0005390023,0.01105028,0.003439007,0.001226885,0.00007235099,0.1749371,0.0002046182,0.004788893,0.01239049,0.7522206,0.02711303],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004540496,0.002222281,0.00150371,0.003853488,0.0002115161,0.00003207753,0.2565243,0.001242306,0.0009424792,0.1216175,0.6069149,0.0003949748],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04206864,0.0001026044,0.007842854,0.9458063,0.002228909,0.001058726,0.000394216,0.000007166266,0.0004905946],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8364114,0.001112822,0.005461935,0.1529337,0.003634356,0.0001050202,0.00004433673,0.00009490945,0.0002015635],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7943428,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9966375,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3128650645747565,"score_gpt":0.5693116452298057,"score_spread":0.2564465806550492,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}